Keberdayaan Petani Menerapkan Budidaya Kopi Robusta Cerdas Iklim Tersertifikasi Dan Dampaknya Pada Kesejahteraan
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51852/gggre097Keywords:
Budidaya Kopi, Kesejahteraan, Penerapan,, Robusta, SertifikasiAbstract
Farmer welfare is increasingly becoming a critical concern in the context of global climate change, which disrupts rainfall patterns, increases the risk of drought, and intensifies extreme weather events. These climate challenges have direct implications for agricultural productivity, particularly for coffee, one of Indonesia's most important commodities. Declining yields not only threaten income stability but also contribute to a decline in farmers' overall quality of life. This issue, certification schemes such as the 4C (Common Code for the Coffee Community) and the Rainforest Alliance (RA) have been introduced by private companies, including the Climate Smart Coffee Cultivation Program (PBKCI), with the aim to increase farmers' knowledge and awareness of sustainability, promoting climate-smart adaptive agricultural practices, and strengthening resilience to climate change. However, the effectiveness and success of certification programs remain highly debated, particularly given the diverse characteristics of farmers and the varying levels of institutional support available in rural areas. This study was conducted to examine the extent to which farmer characteristics and institutional roles influence the adoption of standardized coffee cultivation techniques for the Climate Smart Coffee Certification (SKCI) and how this adoption subsequently impacts farmer welfare in forest areas in Jember Regency. A quantitative research design was applied using Structural Equation Modeling–Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS), with data collected from 317 coffee farmers who have participated in the 4C and Rainforest Alliance certification programs. Empirical results indicate that farmer characteristics and institutional roles significantly contribute to the level of implementation of SKCI coffee cultivation, which in turn plays an important role in improving farmer welfare. Specifically, institutional roles were identified as the most influential factor, while certification program implementation was found to be the strongest predictor of improved welfare. These findings highlight the importance of integrating coffee certification programs with strong institutional support that makes sustainable coffee farming a prosperous livelihood.
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